Indispensable for organizing high-quality and most efficient air exchange in a residential, industrial or commercial building, the exhaust fan is characterized by increased performance and optimal power. Regardless of the chosen model, a household fan must meet a set of requirements and its selection takes into account such characteristics as the intended purpose of the room, its volume and the number of people present.
In the absence of a natural flow of fresh air, household fans for homes and rooms such as bathrooms or toilets guarantee their high-quality and timely ventilation. A built-in and independently installed fan in the hood guarantees the cleaning of functional rooms or individual zones by removing the contaminated gas-air mixture into a window or natural ventilation system.
In private houses, the exhaust fan is installed on the roof
Importance of use and intended purpose of devices
A functional fan for ventilation can be installed independently or by involving experienced and qualified specialists in the work, but it is necessary to choose the right fan for exhaust ventilation. As a high-quality and productive device, an exhaust fan must be installed in certain rooms, which allows you to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards:
- a high-temperature exhaust fan is mounted above the hob or stove, which guarantees the maintenance of an optimal microclimate in the kitchen;
- a duct fan is installed in a bathroom or toilet, combined bathroom and provides regular and timely air exchange in functional rooms;
- a household exhaust fan is suitable for arranging a common corridor or vestibule, effectively removing the contaminated gas-air mixture outside the home;
- a fan for ventilation in a bathhouse or sauna guarantees a reduction in the level of precipitated condensate and overheating of air masses, which is important for maintaining people’s health.
Powerful fans for ventilation of premises are widely used to organize the air exchange process in houses and apartments, which is due to the complex of their operational advantages and parameters. When choosing a fan for the hood on your own, the homeowner should understand in advance the principle of operation of the device, then the ventilation will work as efficiently as possible and ensure comfort in the house.
Installation and connection rules
Duct-type axial fans are installed in the air duct distribution of the system, as an intermediate element between pipe sections. Therefore, manufacturers make the device itself from three parts, connected to each other with plastic clamps. The middle part is a fan, the two outer parts are diffusers and, in combination, connecting couplings with air ducts.
To install a fan in a pipe system, you need to make a break in the air duct at the installation site to the length of the device itself. The fan is disassembled, diffusers are installed, which are attached to the air duct system in the standard way: either with sealed clamps or double-sided couplings with rubber cuffs inside. Then the device is mounted between the diffusers.
Duct fan installation
As for connecting to a 220-volt AC network, this is either a socket or a circuit breaker in the distribution board. The main thing is to connect the fan to the wires correctly. There is no power supply in it, there is a terminal box with two or three contacts. If there are two, then the wires are connected to them.
Read also: Types of kitchen air purifiers
If there are three contacts, this means that the fan has two shaft rotation speeds, respectively, and the impeller blades. One wire is connected to the “N” terminal, this is the neutral or zero phase. The second connects to one of two wires, which are designated L1 or L2. One of the contacts is the maximum rotation, the second is the minimum (60% of the nominal). Now you need to decide which contact to connect the power wire to.
A silent duct fan installed in the wall is mounted in the following sequence:
- A ventilation system is assembled on site with a fan installed in it. In other words, a device is mounted in the pipe, which is attached inside to the walls of the air duct with rubber inserts.
- This pipe is installed in a channel made in the wall. The connection wires are led indoors.
- A check valve is attached to the outside, and a decorative grille to the inside.
- The unit is connected to an outlet or through a long wire to contacts in the nearest junction box.
General characteristics and design features
In appearance, the hood fan is a compact device with several blades; their rotation ensures the distillation of air through the outlet channels with its forced intake from the outside. Practical and high-quality fans for room ventilation, due to their operation, do not disturb the process of natural air exchange, increasing the efficiency of the ventilation system.
As a rule, all exhaust fans operate from the mains
Why are fans needed for hoods?
Very often, a simple hood cannot work properly, so an unpleasant smell remains in the kitchen. To ensure that the kitchen is always clean, it is recommended to equip it with a special exhaust fan .
Thanks to this equipment you can achieve the following results:
- get rid of hot and dirty air;
- protect walls from dampness and mold;
- unpleasant odors are blocked.
The advantages of installing exhaust hood equipment in the kitchen are:
- silent operation;
- minimum costs and high efficiency;
- duration of work;
- protection from insects and fluff.
They are often placed near the entrance to the ventilation shaft, but here they need to suck air from the kitchen and return fresh air from the shaft. Such a device in the kitchen is simply necessary if you have children or suffer from allergies, it will preserve their health.
Purpose of the device
Electric and mechanical axial fans (or other types) must be installed in a certain location where there are frequent crowds of people, concentrated unpleasant odors and smoke, and high humidity. If the device for ventilation of the room is selected or installed incorrectly, moisture will accumulate in it and the microclimate will change, which leads to the proliferation of mold, microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria.
Heated and dry air removed from the room after the exhaust fan is connected contributes to the development of all kinds of respiratory diseases, which negatively affects people's health. An attractive design exhaust fan with shutters fits perfectly into the interior design of your home and will complement the concept of its stylistic design, combining with other furnishing elements.
What were exhaust fans like before?
Exhaust fans have been used in kitchens for a long time, but they have a slightly different appearance. They were first installed in the 50s of the last century, and before that, the air in kitchens was cleaned using chimney pipes. They performed the following functions :
- absorbed smoke;
- got rid of fats;
- cleaned the air of odors and much more.
At that time, stove makers were very sought after specialists. A reliable and properly constructed stove was capable of maintaining a fire and aiding air circulation. Nowadays, chimneys are almost never used; instead of them, hoods and exhaust fans are installed in kitchens. However, their functions remain the same.
Choosing an installation location
When choosing the right exhaust fans for rooms, it is important to carry out a preliminary design of the air exchange system and calculate its productivity, which will make the installation of the exhaust fan correct:
- an exhaust fan with blinds, as well as a surface-mounted fan, are installed on the walls, with the natural air exchange system operating in every house being diverted into the ventilation duct;
- roof exhaust fans cut into the roof and are used to arrange a ventilation system through the technical or attic floor for optimal ventilation;
- a ceiling fan is used when arranging rooms in a private house and other purpose-built buildings, which guarantees an optimal level of maintaining a comfortable microclimate;
- household duct appliances and fixtures are designed for installation in a ventilation duct; a high-performance duct fan facilitates efficient removal of air into the duct;
- an overhead vent fan is used to decorate a window opening; such devices do not have increased power, but are characterized by practicality;
- A built-in exhaust fan is part of the exhaust equipment offered by manufacturers in a wide variety and is necessary for kitchens, baths, and lavatories.
Modern exhaust fans can be equipped with a control panel, regulating the power.
Modern powerful exhaust fans are used to enhance the functionality of the general ventilation system and allow you to maintain an optimal microclimate, temperature and humidity in the living room.
Features of choosing a kitchen exhaust fan
When choosing an exhaust fan for your home, you should take into account a number of parameters that determine the quality and reliability of the product:
- Decide on the power of the equipment in advance before going to the hardware store. It is necessary that the power of the structure coincides with the area of the kitchen, this will increase the efficiency of the structure. This indicator determines how much air the fan can clean during a given period of time. This parameter is measured in cubic meters per hour. It is very easy to determine the power or performance of a product, especially if the kitchen is not yet equipped with appliances and furniture. You need to measure the volume of the room and multiply the figure by 10. As a rule, a kitchen appliance has a capacity of 200 to 700 cubic meters per hour;
- The loudness of the structure is also an important parameter. Often the volume depends on the power. The higher it is, the higher the sound level will be. Everyone will agree that cooking or sitting in the kitchen in constant noise is completely uncomfortable. This will contribute to fatigue, irritation, and constant headaches. To prevent this from happening, you need to pay attention to the level of decibels produced by the device; it should be from 30 to 70 dB. And so that it works as quietly as possible, it is equipped with soundproofing pads;
- safety of using the hood. Fans are used in the kitchen, where the environment is aggressive and there are many potential dangers. Kitchen ventilation must be designed to guarantee efficient operation even at high humidity and temperature. There are a number of models that can operate even at 120 degrees. Most models are equipped with a thermal protective layer;
- the presence of additional functions - this affects not only the quality of the structure, but also its cost. It will be significantly higher when the fan is equipped with timers, grease filters, presence sensors and other gadgets. Naturally, all this does not affect the operation of the fan in any way, but makes its use more convenient.
The exhaust fan and the hood itself should be selected taking into account how often you cook and the size of your hob. For example, if the stove consists of only two burners, then the power of the hood and fan can be moderate. But if there are as many as six of them on it, you cook often and use the oven, then you will need good power.
For example, if there are four burners, then the recommended hood power is from 90 cubic meters per hour, and if there are two, then from 60 cubic meters per hour, respectively.
Types of exhaust fans offered on the market
In order to correctly and correctly select a powerful fan for exhaust or arranging an effective and efficient air exchange complex, it is important to ensure that the parameters of the main ventilation fans are taken into account. When choosing an exhaust wall, ceiling or other type of device, it is necessary to take into account additional functional and operational parameters of the devices, determined by their technical characteristics and division into types:
- exhaust industrial models are used for the arrangement of large and large-scale premises for special purposes, such as warehouses and office buildings, garages and other buildings;
- axial fans for exhaust hoods, which are a structure with an axle and blades attached to it, rotating under the influence of a connected electric drive;
- a centrifugal fan, its body resembles a snail in appearance, and the rotation of the internal blades is ensured by the use of the physical principle and centrifugal force;
- a reversible fan used both for supply ventilation and in the design of forced ventilation, which makes it a universal and productive device.
To arrange supply ventilation, household exhaust models can be used; by connecting fans in series, a supply and exhaust air exchange system is installed.
The concept of choosing a household device: what is important to consider
The conceptual choice of a device requires obtaining a full and informative consultation from experienced specialists; they will help you choose a powerful exhaust fan. It is also recommended to trust the installation and installation of an exhaust fan to professionals; they will use a special calculator to calculate the performance and quality, air exchange rate in a house or apartment.
An exhaust fan can be stylish
It is impossible to install forced ventilation without studying information on how to choose a fan for an exhaust hood, because centrifugal exhaust fans and exhaust fans with additional functionality have their own characteristics. Based on technical parameters and operational characteristics, you can easily and simply select a fan for subsequent installation, if necessary, to arrange supply and exhaust or supply ventilation.
Device power
Depending on the operating mode, you can select the power of the device and then the radial exhaust fan or centrifugal fan will operate in optimal mode. The calculated power parameter is used when arranging any premises; to check their operating conditions, the master may need instruments to measure the parameters and power indicators of the selected model.
Ceiling-mounted exhaust devices are usually more powerful than wall-mounted ones
Switching method
In modern housing, it is recommended to use current technologies, and the choice of fans for an apartment is made on the basis of their additional capabilities; axial fans for exhaust hoods can be turned on and off themselves. A practical centrifugal fan with adjustable power, speed and switch, allows you to automate partially or completely air exchange in the target room.
The choice of exhaust hoods with additional functionality and an already installed fan, kitchen hoods and other appliances not only for the kitchen, but also for other functional rooms, is important to do correctly. Based on the advice of experienced and well-trained specialists, it is very easy to choose an exhaust fan for arranging your home or its individual zones, guaranteeing the maintenance of an optimal microclimate in the room!
